Causes of Endocarditis, Pericarditis and Myocarditis
Endocarditis, Pericarditis and Myocarditis
Endocarditis
Most of endocarditis caused by viridans streptococci are microorganisms that live in the upper airway. Prior to the discovery of antibiotics, then 90-95% of endocarditis infection, caused by viridans streptococci, but since the presence of antibiotics, viridans streptococci cause infective endocarditis 50%, which is 1/3 of the source of infection. Another cause of infective endocarditis is more pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, which causes subacute infective endocarditis. Other causes include fecal streptococci, staphylococci, gram-negative aerobic / anaerobic, fungi, viruses, yeast, and candida.
Pericarditis
1) The cause of idiopathic or nonspecific.
2) Infection
Bacteria: Streptococcus, staphylococcus, meningococcus, gonococcus.
Viruses: coxsakie, influenza.
Fungi: rickets, parasites.
3) connective tissue disorders - systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarteritis.
4) The state of immune hypersensitivity reactions, drug reactions, serum sicknes.
5) Diseases of the surrounding structures - myocardial infarction, dissecting aneurysm, pleural disease, and lung (pneumonia).
6) Disease neoplasia
Secondary to metastasis of lung cancer and breast cancer, leukemia, primary (mesothelioma).
7) radiation therapy.
8) Trauma-chest injury, cardiac surgery, pacemaker installation.
9) Renal failure and uremia.
10) Tuberculosis.
Myocarditis
1) Infection
Viruses (coxsackievirus, echo virus, HIV, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), influenza, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, hepatitis A and B, mumps, poliovirus, rabies, respiratory syincitial viruses, rubella, vaccinea, varicella zoster, arboviruses)
Bacteria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphilococcus aureus, Haemophilus pneumoniae, salmonella, nieserria gonorrhoeae, Leptospira, Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma pneumonia, rickets. Fungi (Candida, Aspergillus). The parasite (Trypanosoma cruzii, toxoplasma, Schistosoma, trichina) .
2) Non-infectious
Drugs that cause a hypersensitivity reaction to antibiotics (sulfonamides, penicillin, cloramfenicol, tetracycline, streptomicyn); anti-tuberculosis (isoniazid, the aminosalicylic acid); anti-convulsion (phenindion, phenitoin, carbamazepin); anti-inflammatory (indomethacin, sulfonylureas); diuretics (acetazolamid, chlorthalidone, spironolactone)
3) Drugs that no hypersensitivity reactions: Cocaine, Cyclophosphamide, lithium, interferon alpha,
4) Other causes besides drugs are: radiation, giant cell.
Endocarditis
Most of endocarditis caused by viridans streptococci are microorganisms that live in the upper airway. Prior to the discovery of antibiotics, then 90-95% of endocarditis infection, caused by viridans streptococci, but since the presence of antibiotics, viridans streptococci cause infective endocarditis 50%, which is 1/3 of the source of infection. Another cause of infective endocarditis is more pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, which causes subacute infective endocarditis. Other causes include fecal streptococci, staphylococci, gram-negative aerobic / anaerobic, fungi, viruses, yeast, and candida.
Pericarditis
1) The cause of idiopathic or nonspecific.
2) Infection
Bacteria: Streptococcus, staphylococcus, meningococcus, gonococcus.
Viruses: coxsakie, influenza.
Fungi: rickets, parasites.
3) connective tissue disorders - systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarteritis.
4) The state of immune hypersensitivity reactions, drug reactions, serum sicknes.
5) Diseases of the surrounding structures - myocardial infarction, dissecting aneurysm, pleural disease, and lung (pneumonia).
6) Disease neoplasia
Secondary to metastasis of lung cancer and breast cancer, leukemia, primary (mesothelioma).
7) radiation therapy.
8) Trauma-chest injury, cardiac surgery, pacemaker installation.
9) Renal failure and uremia.
10) Tuberculosis.
Myocarditis
1) Infection
Viruses (coxsackievirus, echo virus, HIV, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), influenza, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, hepatitis A and B, mumps, poliovirus, rabies, respiratory syincitial viruses, rubella, vaccinea, varicella zoster, arboviruses)
Bacteria (Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphilococcus aureus, Haemophilus pneumoniae, salmonella, nieserria gonorrhoeae, Leptospira, Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma pneumonia, rickets. Fungi (Candida, Aspergillus). The parasite (Trypanosoma cruzii, toxoplasma, Schistosoma, trichina) .
2) Non-infectious
Drugs that cause a hypersensitivity reaction to antibiotics (sulfonamides, penicillin, cloramfenicol, tetracycline, streptomicyn); anti-tuberculosis (isoniazid, the aminosalicylic acid); anti-convulsion (phenindion, phenitoin, carbamazepin); anti-inflammatory (indomethacin, sulfonylureas); diuretics (acetazolamid, chlorthalidone, spironolactone)
3) Drugs that no hypersensitivity reactions: Cocaine, Cyclophosphamide, lithium, interferon alpha,
4) Other causes besides drugs are: radiation, giant cell.
