Epilepsy Definition, Etiology and Clinical Manifestations
Nursing Care Plan for Seizure Disorders
Definition
Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder characterized by the onset of the symptoms that come in attacks, repeatedly, which caused abnormal electrical discharges off nerve cells of the brain, which is reversible with various etiologies (Arif, 2000)
Etiology
The cause of the seizures of epilepsy are largely unknown (idiopathic) often occurs in :
Etiologic factors affect the determination of prognosis. The main cause, is ; idiopathic epilepsy, remote symptomatic epilepsy (RSE), acute symptomatic epilepsy, and epilepsy in children based on the damage to the brain during perinatal or antenatal. In the classification there are two prominent types of epilepsy, is ; idiopathic epilepsy and RSE. From these two there are many different etiologies and syndromes, each with a good prognosis and poor.
Symptomatic epilepsy is based on brain tissue damage was evident on CT scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and brain damage that is not obvious but is motivated by antenatal or perinatal problems with obvious neurologic deficits. Meanwhile, in light of the possibility of re- occurrence of post - onset seizures, neurologic definition in relation to age at onset has predictive value as follows :
If at the time of birth have neurologic deficits occurred within 12 months of the first entire case will experience repeated seizures. If neurologic deficits occurred after birth, the risk of re- occurrence of seizures was 75 % in the first 12 months and 85 % within the first 36 months. In addition, the first generation that occurs during acute brain disorder will have a 40 % risk in the first 12 months and 36 months for the first occurrence of repeated seizures . Overall risk for the occurrence of seizures re not constant. Most cases showed repeated seizures within the first 6 months.
Clinical Manifestations
Definition
Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder characterized by the onset of the symptoms that come in attacks, repeatedly, which caused abnormal electrical discharges off nerve cells of the brain, which is reversible with various etiologies (Arif, 2000)
Etiology
The cause of the seizures of epilepsy are largely unknown (idiopathic) often occurs in :
- Birth trauma, neonatal asphyxia.
- Head injury, infections of the nervous system.
- CO poisoning, intoxication drugs / alcohol.
- Fever, metabolic disorders (hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyponatremia).
- Brain tumors.
- Vascular abnormalities.
Etiologic factors affect the determination of prognosis. The main cause, is ; idiopathic epilepsy, remote symptomatic epilepsy (RSE), acute symptomatic epilepsy, and epilepsy in children based on the damage to the brain during perinatal or antenatal. In the classification there are two prominent types of epilepsy, is ; idiopathic epilepsy and RSE. From these two there are many different etiologies and syndromes, each with a good prognosis and poor.
Symptomatic epilepsy is based on brain tissue damage was evident on CT scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and brain damage that is not obvious but is motivated by antenatal or perinatal problems with obvious neurologic deficits. Meanwhile, in light of the possibility of re- occurrence of post - onset seizures, neurologic definition in relation to age at onset has predictive value as follows :
If at the time of birth have neurologic deficits occurred within 12 months of the first entire case will experience repeated seizures. If neurologic deficits occurred after birth, the risk of re- occurrence of seizures was 75 % in the first 12 months and 85 % within the first 36 months. In addition, the first generation that occurs during acute brain disorder will have a 40 % risk in the first 12 months and 36 months for the first occurrence of repeated seizures . Overall risk for the occurrence of seizures re not constant. Most cases showed repeated seizures within the first 6 months.
Clinical Manifestations
- Clinical manifestations may include seizures , impaired consciousness or impaired sensing.
- EEG abnormalities.
- Depending on the location and nature of epileptogen focus.
- May have an aura that is a sign before epileptic seizures sensation (aura can be an uneasy feeling, seeing something, men smell bad smells, hear the roar, taste something, headache and so on)
