Defining Characteristics of Excess Fluid Volume

Defining Characteristics of Excess Fluid Volume

Excess fluid volume is a condition where a person experiences or risk of the loss of intracellular or interstitial fluid.

Signs and symptoms
  • Rapid breathing due to the number of red blood cells / milliliter of blood were lower (dilution causes increased respiratory rate as compensation for both increased oxygenation).
  • Dyspnea (shortness of breath and severe) due to the increased volume of fluid in the pleural cavity.
  • Crackles (the sound of gurgling or bubbling on lung auscultation) due to increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries.
  • Rapid pulse due to increased cardiac contractility (due to overloaded circulation).
  • Hypertension (unless it's been heart failure) due to circulatory overload (which causes an increase in mean arterial pressure).
  • Distension of the neck veins due to increased blood volume and increased preload.
  • Moist skin (as compensation to increase the excretion of water through perspiration).
  • Acute weight gain due to an increase in the total volume of body fluids because of overloading the circulation (which is the best indicator to demonstrate the advantages of extracellular fluid volume).
  • Edema (increased mean arterial will cause an increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure, causing fluid displacement from the plasma into the interstitial space).
  • S3 gallop sound (abnormal heart sounds due to the rapid charging and volume overload in the ventricle during diastole).

Defining Characteristics

Subjective:
  • anxiety
  • dyspnea or short of breath
  • agitated
Objective:
  • abnormal breath sounds (creckle)
  • changes electrolyte
  • anasarca
  • anxiety
  • azotemia
  • changes in blood pressure
  • change in mental status
  • change in breathing pattern
  • decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit
  • edema
  • increased central venous pressure
  • intake exceeds the bow
  • jugular venous distention
  • oliguria
  • ortopnea
  • pleural effusion
  • reflex positive hepatojugularis
  • changes in pulmonary artery pressure
  • pulmonary congestion
  • agitated
  • S3 heart sound
  • changes in urine specific gravity
  • weight gain in a short period

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