Asthma Nursing Care Plan
Nursing Care Plan for Asthma
Asthma
Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes (airways) that causes swelling and narrowing (constriction) of the airways. The result is difficulty breathing. The bronchial narrowing is usually either totally or at least partially reversible with treatments.
Bronchial tubes that are chronically inflamed may become overly sensitive to allergens (specific triggers) or irritants (nonspecific triggers). The airways may become “twitchy” and remain in a state of heightened sensitivity. This is called “bronchial hyperreactivity” (BHR). It is likely that there is a spectrum of bronchial hyperreactivity in all individuals. However, it is clear that asthmatics and allergic individuals (without apparent asthma) have a greater degree of bronchial hyperreactivity than nonasthmatic and nonallergic people. In sensitive individuals, the bronchial tubes are more likely to swell and constrict when exposed to triggers such as allergens, tobacco smoke, or exercise. Amongst asthmatics, some may have mild BHR and no symptoms while others may have severe BHR and chronic symptoms.
Nursing Assessment for Asthma
Assessment of nursing in asthma patients, as follows:
Past medical history:
Assess personal or family history of previous lung disease.
Assess history of allergic reaction or sensitivity to the substances / environmental factors.
Assess patient’s employment history.
Activities:
The inability to perform activities because of difficulty breathing.
The decline in the ability / improvement needs help doing daily activities.
Sleep in a sitting position higher.
Respiratory:
Dipsnea at rest or in response to activity or exercise.
Breath worsened when the patient lay supine in bed.
Using the breathing aids drug, for example: raising the shoulders, widen the nose.
The existence of wheezing breath sounds.
The recurrent coughing.
Nursing Diagnosis for Asthma
Nursing Interventions for Asthma
Auscultation of breath sounds, record the sound of breath, for example: wheezing, erekeis, ronchi.
R/ : Some degree of bronchial spasms occur with airway obstruction. Faint breath sounds with expiratory wheeze (empysema), no breathing function (severe asthma).
Observation of the characteristic cough, persistent, hacking cough, wet. Auxiliary actions to improve effectiveness cough efforts.
R/: The cough can be settled but is not effective, especially on elderly clients, acute pain / weakness.
Assess the patient to a safe position, for example: elevation of the head does not sit on the backrest.
R/: Elevation head is not easier for respiratory function by using gravity.
Review / monitor respiratory frequency, record the ratio of inspiration and expiration.
R/: Tachypnoea usually found in some degree and can be found at the reception during the stress / the process of acute infection. Respiratory frequency can be slowed down and elongated than the expiration of inspiration.
Asthma
Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes (airways) that causes swelling and narrowing (constriction) of the airways. The result is difficulty breathing. The bronchial narrowing is usually either totally or at least partially reversible with treatments.
Bronchial tubes that are chronically inflamed may become overly sensitive to allergens (specific triggers) or irritants (nonspecific triggers). The airways may become “twitchy” and remain in a state of heightened sensitivity. This is called “bronchial hyperreactivity” (BHR). It is likely that there is a spectrum of bronchial hyperreactivity in all individuals. However, it is clear that asthmatics and allergic individuals (without apparent asthma) have a greater degree of bronchial hyperreactivity than nonasthmatic and nonallergic people. In sensitive individuals, the bronchial tubes are more likely to swell and constrict when exposed to triggers such as allergens, tobacco smoke, or exercise. Amongst asthmatics, some may have mild BHR and no symptoms while others may have severe BHR and chronic symptoms.
Nursing Assessment for Asthma
Assessment of nursing in asthma patients, as follows:
Past medical history:
Assess personal or family history of previous lung disease.
Assess history of allergic reaction or sensitivity to the substances / environmental factors.
Assess patient’s employment history.
Activities:
The inability to perform activities because of difficulty breathing.
The decline in the ability / improvement needs help doing daily activities.
Sleep in a sitting position higher.
Respiratory:
Dipsnea at rest or in response to activity or exercise.
Breath worsened when the patient lay supine in bed.
Using the breathing aids drug, for example: raising the shoulders, widen the nose.
The existence of wheezing breath sounds.
The recurrent coughing.
Nursing Diagnosis for Asthma
- Ineffective Airway Clearance related to bronchospasm and mucosal Similarly, edema
- Fatigue related to hypoxia and increased respiratory work
- Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements related to GI distress
Nursing Interventions for Asthma
Auscultation of breath sounds, record the sound of breath, for example: wheezing, erekeis, ronchi.
R/ : Some degree of bronchial spasms occur with airway obstruction. Faint breath sounds with expiratory wheeze (empysema), no breathing function (severe asthma).
Observation of the characteristic cough, persistent, hacking cough, wet. Auxiliary actions to improve effectiveness cough efforts.
R/: The cough can be settled but is not effective, especially on elderly clients, acute pain / weakness.
Assess the patient to a safe position, for example: elevation of the head does not sit on the backrest.
R/: Elevation head is not easier for respiratory function by using gravity.
Review / monitor respiratory frequency, record the ratio of inspiration and expiration.
R/: Tachypnoea usually found in some degree and can be found at the reception during the stress / the process of acute infection. Respiratory frequency can be slowed down and elongated than the expiration of inspiration.
