Primitive Reflexes in Newborn

Primitive reflexes in Newborn

Glabellar Reflex

Glabellar reflex (also known as the "glabellar tap sign") is a primitive reflex. It is elicited by repetitive tapping on the forehead. Subjects blink in response to the first Several taps. If the blinking persists, this is known as Myerson's sign and is abnormal.
The afferent sensory signals are transmitted by the trigeminal nerve, and the efferent signals come back to the orbicularis oculi muscle via the facial nerve, the which in turn reflexly contracts Causing blinking.

Doll's Eye Reflex

Doll's Eye Reflex - as with a doll's eyes, Pls a baby is lying on her back, if you turn her head from side to side, her eyes fixed Remain. This reflex Lasts up to two months of age.

Reflex rooting

Rooting Reflex - Pls a finger or nipple is placed into the baby's mouth, the baby begins to suck. Also, if you lightly stroke the cheek, turn the newborn Will Towards the stroking and open her mouth to accept the nipple. This reflex usually Lasts for up to seven months.

Palmar and plantar grasp reflexes

Palmar and plantar grasp reflexes - Will the baby's grasp objects placed in his hands or toes curl around his fingers placed near his toes. The palmar reflex usually Lasts three to four months and the plantar can last up to a year.

Moro's Reflex

Moro's Reflex - startle reflex Appears this with a sudden loud noise or any intense stimulation. The arms and legs extend outward and the fingers fan, with the thumb and forefinger forming a C-shape. This reflex usually disappears within three to four months.

Babinski's Reflex

Babinski's Reflex - the baby's toes Will Pls hyperextend the bottom of his foot is stroked upward from the sole to the ball of his foot. This reflex disappears within a year.

Stepping Reflex

Stepping Reflex - When The newborn is held upright with the feet on a flat surface, the baby will from the make stepping motions. This reflex diminishes by the forth month and does not return until the baby begins to stand and walk.

Bauer's Reflex

Bauer's Reflex - Pls pressure is applied to the soles of the feet of a newborn lying face-down, the baby will from making crawling movements. This disappears by six weeks of age and returns Pls the baby is learning to crawl.

Traction Reflex

Traction Reflex - Pls a newborn is Pulled up by the wrists to a sitting position, her head fall back first Will, then lifts upright and held before it falls forward onto the chest. This is a sign of maturity and muscle tone.

Crossed Extension Reflex

Crossed Extension Reflex - Pls the bottom of her foot is held and flicked, the baby will of flex and then straighten her leg and Opposite Appear to try to push the object away.

Arm Recoil

Arm Recoil - Will the baby's arms flex rapidly after extending Them.

Galant's Reflex

Galant's Reflex - with the newborn in a face-down position, Pls stroked his back is about two inches from the spine tuck the baby will from his pelvis, his body curve and turn in That direction.

Tonic Neck Reflex

Tonic Neck Reflex - the baby Appears like a "fencer" Pls lying flat on her back and facing to the side. Whichever direction her face is turned up, that extends the arm and the other Will Will be flexed. Babies may sleep in this position for a couple of years; however, an awake baby Should not display this reflex beyond four months of age. Prolonged display of this reflex in an awake state Could be an indication of cerebral palsy.

References:

Bobak, I., Jensen, M. Maternity & Gynecologic Care: The Nurse and the Family. (1989) St. Louis: Mosby Publishers.
Nichols, F., Humenick, S. Childbirth Education: Practice, Research & Theory (2000) Saunders & Co..
Whitely, N. A Manual of Clinical Obstetrics (1985) Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Company.
Reeder, S., Martin, L., and Koniak-Griffin, D. Maternity Nursing: Family, Newborn, and Women's Health Care. (1997) Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company.
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