Nursing Blog

Baseline assessment in patients with bronchitis: 1. Activity / rest Symptoms: Exhaustion, fatigue, malaise. The inability to perform daily activities. Inability to sleep. Dyspnoea at rest. Signs: Fatigue, anxiety, insomnia. General weakness / loss of muscle mass. 2. Circulation Symptoms: Swelling of the lower extremities. Signs: Increased blood pressure, increased heart rate / tachycardia weight. Distended neck veins. Dependent edema, heart sound dim. Color of skin / mucous membranes. normal / cyanosis. Pale, may indicate anemia. 3. Ego integrity Symptoms: Increased risk factors Changes in lifestyle Signs: Anxiety , fear, sensitive stimuli. 4. Food / fluid Symptoms: Nausea / vomiting . Poor appetite / anorexia inability to eat, losing weight, weight gain Signs: Poor skin turgor, dependent edema, sweating. Weight loss, abdominal palpitation 5. Hygiene Symptoms: Decreased ability / improvement needs Signs: Poor hygiene, body odor. 6. breathing Symptoms: Cough with sputum production settl

Anxiety related to change in health status Goal: patient will experience a reduction in fear and anxiety. Plan of action: 1. Assess the level of anxiety (mild, moderate, severe). R / By knowing the client's anxiety level, making it easier for the next action. 2. Give emotional boost. R / support both provide high spirit to accept their disease experienced. 3. Encourage expressed fears / concerns R / Reveal the perceived problem will reduce the perceived burden of thought 4. Describe the type of medical procedure R / proper explanation and understanding of the disease so as to cooperate in the act of care and treatment. 5. Give spiritual encouragement R / Expected patience to undergo treatment and submit to God for his recovery.

Self-Concept Components 1. Body image Body image is a person's attitude toward the body, consciously and unconsciously. This attitude includes perceptions and feelings about the size, shape and function of the body's appearance today and the past. 2. ideal self Individual's perception of how he should behave in accordance with the standards of conduct. Ideal self would embody the ideals and personal expectations. 3. Self-Esteem Self-esteem is the evaluation of the results pencaian achieved by analyzing the extent to which behavior according to the ideal self. If successful then the individual obtaining self-esteem tend to be high and if you have low self-esteem tend to be failures. Self-esteem is earned from yourself and others. 4. role of Self The role itself is a pattern, the behavior of the expected value of a person based on their function in society. 5. identity Identity is a sense of self dirinay derived from observation and assessment is a synthesis of all aspects of

Factors affecting self-concept 1. Level of development and maturity Child development such as mental support, treatment and growth will affect the self-concept. 2. culture At the age of children to be adopted values ​​from his parents, his group, and the environment. Parents who work day will bring children closer to the environment. 3. External and internal sources The power and the development of the individual is very influential on the concept of self. On internal sources, for example, the humorous individual coping more effectively. External sources such as the support of the community and a strong economy. 4. Experience of success and failure There is a tendency that a history of success will improve self-concept and vice versa. 5. Stesor Stesor in life such as marriage, a new job, exams and fear. If the individual coping is inadequate it will lead to depression, anxiety diridan interesting. 6. Age, illness and trauma Old age, sickness will affect self-perception.

Nursing Care Plan for Acute Pain NANDA Acute Pain Definition : Feelings and unpleasant emotional experience arising from actual tissue damage and potential, or the picture of the damage. It can occur suddenly or slowly, the intensity of the light or heavy. With predictions roughly healing time of less than 6 months. Defining characteristics: Reports of verbal and nonverbal Observation reports Position the patient to be careful to avoid the pain The movement to protect Cautious behavior Face mask Sleep disturbances (eyes glazed, looking tired, difficult or chaotic movement, smirk) Focus on self- Focus narrows (decreased perception of time, damage to the thought, decreased interaction with people and the environment) Distraction activity (walk, meet other people or activities, repetitive activity) Response autonomy (diaphoresis, changes in blood pressure, changes in breathing, pulse and dilated pupils). Autonomy in response to changes in muscle tone (visible from weak to stiff) Expressi

Nursing Diagnosis for Tetanus: Imbalanced Nutrition Less Than Body Requirements related to stiffness of muscles of mastication Characterized by: Intake less, eat and drink that came in through the mouth can come back again through the nose and body weight decreased with the results of protein or albumin less than 3.5 mg% Objectives: Nutritional needs are met Expected outcomes are: Optimal weight Adequate Intake The results of albumin from 3.5 to 5 mg% Tetanus Nursing Interventions and Rational: 1. Explain the factors that influence eating and kesuliatan the importance of food for the body. Rational: the effects of tetanus is a stiffness of the muscles of mastication so that clients experience kesuliatan swallowing reflex and sometimes behind or kesedak arise. With an adequate level of knowledge of the clients are expected to participate and cooperate in the diet. 2. Collaboration with a team of nutrition for the provision of a diet high in calories and high in protein,

Pathophysiology of Anemia Anemia may reflect the presence of marrow failure or loss of red blood cells or both. Marrow failure (reduced erotropoesis) can occur due to nutritional deficiencies, toxic exposure, tumor invasion, but mostly due to unknown causes. Red blood cells can be lost through hemorrhage or hemolysis (destruction) that can be caused by a defect of red blood cells that do not correspond with the resistance of normal red blood cells. Red blood cell lysis (dissolution) occurs mainly in phagocytic cells (reticuloendothelial) in the liver and spleen. This process produces bilirubin which will enter the bloodstream. The increase in red blood cell destruction (hemolysis) is reflected by an increase in plasma bilirubin. If the destruction of red blood cells in circulation as the hemoglobin in hemolytic disorders will emerge through the plasma (hemoglobinemia). If the plasma concentration exceeds the capacity of plasma haptoglobin (hemoglobin binding protein-free) to tie it al

Nursing is one of the most transferrable professions in the world. No matter where you are, people will always need health care, and the skills of a competent nurse will never be redundant. Aside from the altruistic nature of the profession, the ability to work almost anywhere in the world is part of what draws people to become nurses. To facilitate this process, a number of placement agencies exist worldwide. Following a standard screening process, these firms will place health care professionals in the country of their choice, according to current need. One particularly popular destination is Australia, where there are an abundance of nursing jobs. The opportunity to work abroad, especially somewhere as beautiful as Australia is an attractive prospect for many nurses. Here is an inside look at how this process tends to work, plus a few tips on popular destinations once you make it 'down under'. The first step in contacting a placement agency is to prepare your n

Today there are more choices available to nurses than ever before particularly in terms of where and when to work. There is and will continue to be for some time to come a worldwide shortage of Nurses. This has come about through a number of factors these include, improvements in medical technology, procedures and medication that have all contributed to the growth of the healthcare sector and more importantly life expectancy of the general population. In tern this has created an increased demand for aged care services too, further increasing the shortage of Nurses. This has meant that there is no shortage of work for qualified Nurses and nursing jobs in many areas are plentiful. As in all parts of the world nursing jobs in Australia are always in demand. The Australian government has made it relatively easy to get a work visa for nurses as long as their training and work experience meets specific criteria. After the USA and UK, Australia is one of the best countries to lo

Every once in a while it's a good idea to take stock of your life and your career, and take steps to get yourself back on track or even change direction if that is what is needed. Here are 12 things you can do for yourself, as a nurse, to make your career more fulfilling and to avoid nurse burnout: Nurse stress management is a must. Learn techniques that work well for you and use them routinely. Managing your time efficiently and effectively is vital. Become organized, stay on top of things, and do not procrastinate! Replenish yourself. Make time for yourself and do it often! Nursing is a demanding/giving profession. If you have given all you have to give, then you have nothing left for yourself, and you can't continue to give - you'll have nurse burnout. Nursing is a lifelong learning process. Use your continuing education opportunities to stay up to date with your selected field and to learn and hone new skills. Secondly, make sure to learn something about other fields of

NCLEX-PN ( N ational C ouncil L icensure EX amination- P ractical N urse). Passing the exam is required of candidates for licensure as a Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) or Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN) by all US state and territorial Boards of Nursing. Exam content The majority of test items are written at the application or higher levels of cognition but the exam may include items at all of the cognitive levels. The exam's content is based on client needs: Safe Effective Care Environment Coordinated Care Safety and Infection Control Health Promotion and Maintenance Psychosocial Integrity Physiological Integrity Basic Care and Comfort Pharmacological Therapies Reduction of Risk Potential Physiological Adaptation Psychiatric Question types; Most of the questions of the NCLEX-PN exam are worded multiple choice questions. In recent years, however, the Boards of Nursing have added broader questions that don't involve multiples choices. For example, some questions: Require ide

NCLEX-RN (National Council Licensure EXamination-Registered Nurse). All Boards of Nursing in states and territories of the United States require candidates to pass this exam for licensure as a Registered Nurse (RN). Exam content The majority of test items are written at the application or higher levels of cognition but the exam may include items at all of the cognitive levels; mainly, memorization or recalling, knowledge, analysis and application. The exam's content is based on client needs: Safe Effective Care Environment Management of Care Safety and Infection Control Health Promotion and Maintenance Psychosocial Integrity Physiological Integrity Basic Care and Comfort Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Reduction of Risk Potential Physiological Adaptation Question types Most of the questions of the NCLEX-RN exam are worded multiple choice questions. In recent years, however, the Boards of Nursing have added broader questions that don't involve multiple choice. For e

What is chronic asthma? Asthma, like chronic bronchitis, is a disease of the airways. Obstruction to the flow of air is due to inflammation of the airways as well as spasm of muscles surrounding the airways in asthma. The narrowing that results from spasm of the muscles is called bronchospasm. Generally, bronchospasm in asthma is reversible and subsides spontaneously or with the use of bronchodilators (medications that relax the muscles surrounding the airways). We now know that a major component of asthma is inflammation of the airways, and this inflammation causes thickening of the walls of the airways. This inflammation involves different inflammatory cells and mediators than those seen in chronic bronchitis. This may play a role in the choice of antiinflammatory medications for these similar yet different entities. In many asthmatics, antiinflammatory medications such as inhaled steroids are required to reduce this inflammation. In long standing asthma, this chronic inflammation ca

CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR NURSING (Based in Pahang) 7th May 2012 Pandan Indah, Selangor Malaysia Requirements Diploma in related field from recognised institutions Minimum 3 years clinical experience. Must be registered with Malaysian Nursing Board Possess valid and current APC Willing to travel Job SummaryLink Type Permanent/Full time Specialization Healthcare: Nurses, Medical Practioners Level Senior Executive Manager Read More : http://www.allyhunt.com/overview/view-job/23911

Often termed as constipation or constipation or difficult bowel movements are related digestive disorders are very annoying and makes you feel uncomfortable. Often termed as constipation or constipation or difficult bowel movements are related digestive disorders are very annoying and makes you feel uncomfortable. Here is a natural alternative way to overcome constipation, among others: Fiber One easy way is found to overcome the constipation with fiber consumption. The recommended fiber intake is about 20-35 grams / day. To obtain sufficient amounts of fiber, try the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and wheat. But you have to be vigilant when consuming fiber, because of excessive use will actually worsen the constipation. This can be overcome by drinking more water to help the fibers get into the digestive system more smoothly. Herbs Herbal therapy is the treatment of constipation is the oldest, and has been applied in various cultures around the world. Herbal laxatives generally ar

Pregnant women should not be carelessly did take medication, because it can trigger defects in the baby. Carefully choose the medication needs to start planning to become pregnant, because sometimes a woman does not know exactly when she was pregnant. A women would realize too late that her menstrual least 2 weeks after conception. If at the time of conception has occurred, the drugs, especially certain antibiotics can cause fetal prospective experience of disability in the process of growth. Antibiotics that are forbidden for pregnant women among other quinolones group, for example, which is quite famous is floroquinolon and ciprofloxacin. Class of antibiotics that are widely used for diarrhea, typhoid and lung infections can cause birth defects and impaired bone growth in children. Antibiotics may be given a new class of quinolones in children if the condition is an emergency and there is no option other drugs to save his life. In these circumstances, adverse effects on bone can be r

Nursing home centers (also known as skilled nursing facilities) have come a long way over the past few decades. Although they're still not perfect by any means, nursing homes today are much improved over their predecessors. In the 1950's and 1960's, nursing homes (or old folks homes as they were often referred to as) were scary places for senior citizens. Today that trend is changing. Although nursing homes can still be scary, today there is significantly more federal and state oversight of nursing homes. All nursing homes must meet certain requirements, such as having a nurse on staff 24-hours a day, seven days per week in order to keep their doors open and have to meet all sorts of requirements in order to qualify for Medicaid, Medicare and other government funding programs. Nursing homes are generally for two categories of individuals. The first class are the individuals who need assistance in their daily living activities. This means they can not care for themselves on

The question always comes up as to what is a normal pulse rate. Well there really is no specific answer to this question because the notion of a normal pulse rate really depends on so many factors. Some of the most important factors that play a part in determining a healthy pulse rate is age and weight. If for example you use a pulse oximeter to measure the pulse rate you will actually find that it gives you very different rates for different age groups. For example, there are some pediatric pulse oximeter devices that are made specifically for measuring the heartbeat of children. Well, it is common medical knowledge that children’s hearts beat at a much higher rate and as a result this will sometimes even seem alarming. However, because of the physiological nature of their age it is quite normal and as such there is no need for concern. On the other hand, if you use the pulse rate measuring device on an elder individual you will actually notice that their reading will be lower than mo

Pneumonia is an illness that affects one or both lungs and that used to be one of the main causes of death 2 centuries ago. It is caused by microorganisms that attack the tissue from the lungs, causing it to inflammate and leading to a severe condition if the infection is not treated in time. Some pneumonia is diagnosed only after an examination by a doctor reveals crackling sounds or coarse breathing in the chest. There may also be breathlessness, wheezing or the breathing sounds may be diminished in certain parts of the chest. A chest x-ray is the definitive way to diagnose the pneumonia, however sputum samples, blood tests and bronchoscopies can typically be ordered as well. The sputum samples can determine what the exact cause of the pneumonia is and determine the course of medical treatment. The blood work can help to determine how serious the infection is and may also provide a clue as to whether it is caused by a virus, bacteria or fungi. Nursing Diagnosis for Pneumonia Impaire

Congestive Heart Failure is a condition or patophysiology when the heart as pump is no longer able to provide a good blood supply for the tissue metabolism. Congestive Heart Failure symptoms often ends up as a fatal condition, because patients with congestive heart failure are just like entering a no-way-out phase. Congestive Heart Failure is the only one disease where the morbidity and mortality increases, even some researches have done to know the patophysiology and the proper treatments. In fact, 50% of patients will die in 5 years. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of congestive heart disease is 22 million at 2002. There are congestive heart failure symptoms : The cardinal signs are weakness and shortness of breath. Dyspneu d'effort: hard to breath (dyspnea) while having activities Orthopnea: dyspnea while lying Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea: an acute episode of heavy dyspnea, occurs at midnight or while sleeping

Back pain - When men began to enter middle age, they usually have problems with your back. The majority of back problems associated with bad posture that you can set. The bottom of the spine to hold the body weight on it. When we sat down, transferring the weight of the spine to the pelvis, and when we stood up to move to the foot. All day long we stood erect, the weight pressing down the spine. With such an emphasis, I wonder if the body is shorter at the end of the day than during the morning before. On a good natural posture lengkukan contained in or lumbar lardosis on the lower back. Lumbar lordisis is important to maintain the strength back. The problem occurs when the arch the lower back when sitting or bending forward. So sitting in a chair for long periods or at the computer can be a serious threat to his back. Result Poor posture bererti that ligmen and smooth muscle tissue between the vertebrae to stretch very strong. Such stretching is ongoing will cause pain and damage to t

Cataracts in its early development can cause blurred vision, nearsightedness or color blindness. If it goes without treatment and the cataract advances to covering up the lens of the eye, the person can go blind and cannot recover his or her vision unless subjected to cataract surgery. Generally, cataract surgeries are done on outpatient basis, meaning, the person with a cataract can get operated by an eye surgeon and in just few minutes cataract extraction is completed. The patient can rest for a couple of hours in the doctor's office and can go home after. Cataracts can form as a result of a number of conditions, such as: old age, diabetes, glaucoma, smoking, genetics, trauma, and even specific types of medications. Some of the latest research studies show that cataracts can be a result of an accumulation of advanced glycation end products, or AGEs, while earlier studies show a correlation of a vitamin B2 or riboflavin deficiency. Other studies show that low antioxidant levels, e

Hemorroids Hemorroids is swollen blood vessel of the rectum. These veins are located in the lowest area of the rectum and the anus. Types of Hemorrhoids 1. Internal Hemorrhoids - where hemorrhoids occur inside the rectum. Usually painless. When you strain to have a bowel movement, sometimes internal hemorrhoids are pushed out from the rectum. Most people will not realize that they have internal hemorrhoids unless it bleeds or prolapses. 2. External Hemorrhoids locate around the anus. If they develop thrombose, they could cause itchiness and could be extremely painful and uncomfortable. Thrombosed hemorrhoids are clotted blood and appear as hard lump on the anus area. They could be inflamed, swollen and cause pain. Causes of Hemorrhoids 1. Constipation Constipation is the main cause of hemorrhoids. This causes bowel movements to put strain on the rectal area, thereby putting pressure on the blood vessels and causing swelling and irritation. Strained bowel movements can cause bleeding fr

Five Natural Cures and Home Remedies of Cataract. Cataract is a disease that mostly affects the elderly and also those who are in their forties. It can lead to experiencing blurry and hazy vision and sometimes it makes the vision turn cloudy as well. The best way for treating cataracts naturally is to make suitable changes to your lifestyle. Cataract is a disease that mostly affects the elderly and also those who are in their forties. It can lead to experiencing blurry and hazy vision and sometimes it makes the vision turn cloudy as well. The best way for treating cataracts naturally is to make suitable changes to your lifestyle. Usually, people at 60s or 70s suffer this disease while some people have cataracts at birth. Dim, blurry, cloudy, and foggy vision are some impacts of a cataract. Usually cataract affects the both eyes at the same time but there may be difference in its advancement. Nearly it affects 60% of the people over the age 60. When cataracts affect the people full

The most common causes of anemia is deficiency of nutrients required for the synthesis of red blood cells, such as iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid. The rest is the result of a variety of conditions such as hemorrhage, genetic abnormalities, chronic disease, drug toxicity, and so on. Anemia is a potentially complicated situation that may become potentially life threatening if left untreated. This medical condition results in many symptoms among those that suffer from it. It is important to understand that the actual symptoms that are experienced will be based on the general level of health that the sufferer has as well as the ultimate cause of the condition. Anemia can be mild, moderate, or severe, and this condition can be caused by many different factors. In this condition your body does not have an adequate number of red blood cells present, and if the condition is severe it can lead to serious complications or even be fatal in some cases. Another cause is having the right number of

Nursing Care Plan for Urinary Tract Infection. Drinking the recommended 10-12 eight ounce glasses of water everyday. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is basically an infection that happens anywhere along urinary tract. Thee are several organs that if infected would constitute UTI or bladder infection, these organs are as follows: (1) The Kidneys (2) The Ureters (3) The Urinary Bladder and (4) The Urethra. Urinary tract infection (UTI) implies multiplication of organisms in the urinary tract, and is defined by the presence of more than 100,000 organisms per ml in a midstream sample of urine (MSU). Risk factors include urinary tract malformations, pregnancy, calculus or renal stones, urinary tract obstruction, prostatic obstruction, bladder diverticulum, spinal injury, trauma, urinary tract tumor, diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression as in case of AIDS. Some of the symptoms of urinary tract infections are very similar. For example, while not painful discomfort, total or burning during ur

With over 1.5 million elderly adults in nursing home care throughout the U.S., abuse and neglect have become a serious issue for many families. Neglect and abuse can take many forms including assault, bedsores, unreasonable physical restraint, sexual assault, and the list goes on. The Official U.S. Government Site for Medicare has set forth guidelines for choosing proper nursing home care which have been greatly expanded upon below. When choosing care for a family member, you want to feel confident and secure with your decision. If you're considering placing a loved one in nursing home care please keep the following tips in mind: • Tip 1: Find Nursing Homes in your Area The Internet is an excellent tool and should be utilized - start by searching the city or ZIP code where you'd like the facility to be located. While it can be hard to relocate those in need of medical care, it's often better to choose a facility close to you and your family. If you go that route, you'll